class TestKit extends TestKitBase

Test kit for testing actors. Inheriting from this class enables reception of replies from actors, which are queued by an internal actor and can be examined using the expectMsg... methods. Assertions and bounds concerning timing are available in the form of within blocks.

class Test extends TestKit(ActorSystem()) {
  try {

    val test = system.actorOf(Props[SomeActor])

      within (1.second) {
        test ! SomeWork
        expectMsg(Result1) // bounded to 1 second
        expectMsg(Result2) // bounded to the remainder of the 1 second
      }

    } finally {
      system.terminate()
    }

  } finally {
    system.terminate()
  }
}

Beware of two points:

  • the ActorSystem passed into the constructor needs to be shutdown, otherwise thread pools and memory will be leaked
  • this class is not thread-safe (only one actor with one queue, one stack of within blocks); it is expected that the code is executed from a constructor as shown above, which makes this a non-issue, otherwise take care not to run tests within a single test class instance in parallel.

It should be noted that for CI servers and the like all maximum Durations are scaled using their Duration.dilated method, which uses the TestKitExtension.Settings.TestTimeFactor settable via akka.conf entry "akka.test.timefactor".

Source
TestKit.scala
Since

1.1

Linear Supertypes
TestKitBase, AnyRef, Any
Known Subclasses
MultiNodeSpec, TestProbe
Type Hierarchy
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Inherited
  1. TestKit
  2. TestKitBase
  3. AnyRef
  4. Any
Implicitly
  1. by any2stringadd
  2. by StringFormat
  3. by Ensuring
  4. by ArrowAssoc
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Visibility
  1. Public
  2. All

Instance Constructors

  1. new TestKit(_system: ActorSystem)

Value Members

  1. def awaitAssert(a: ⇒ Any, max: Duration = Duration.Undefined, interval: Duration = 100.millis): Unit

    Await until the given assert does not throw an exception or the timeout expires, whichever comes first.

    Await until the given assert does not throw an exception or the timeout expires, whichever comes first. If the timeout expires the last exception is thrown.

    If no timeout is given, take it from the innermost enclosing within block.

    Note that the timeout is scaled using Duration.dilated, which uses the configuration entry "akka.test.timefactor".

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  2. def awaitCond(p: ⇒ Boolean, max: Duration = Duration.Undefined, interval: Duration = 100.millis, message: String = ""): Unit

    Await until the given condition evaluates to true or the timeout expires, whichever comes first.

    Await until the given condition evaluates to true or the timeout expires, whichever comes first.

    If no timeout is given, take it from the innermost enclosing within block.

    Note that the timeout is scaled using Duration.dilated, which uses the configuration entry "akka.test.timefactor".

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  3. def childActorOf(props: Props): ActorRef

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor with an auto-generated name and stopping supervisor strategy, returning the child's ActorRef.

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor with an auto-generated name and stopping supervisor strategy, returning the child's ActorRef.

    props

    Props to create the child actor

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  4. def childActorOf(props: Props, name: String): ActorRef

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor with a stopping supervisor strategy, and returns the child's ActorRef.

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor with a stopping supervisor strategy, and returns the child's ActorRef.

    props

    Props to create the child actor

    name

    Actor name for the child actor

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  5. def childActorOf(props: Props, supervisorStrategy: SupervisorStrategy): ActorRef

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor with an auto-generated name, and returns the child's ActorRef.

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor with an auto-generated name, and returns the child's ActorRef.

    props

    Props to create the child actor

    supervisorStrategy

    Strategy should decide what to do with failures in the actor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  6. def childActorOf(props: Props, name: String, supervisorStrategy: SupervisorStrategy): ActorRef

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor, and returns the child's ActorRef.

    Spawns an actor as a child of this test actor, and returns the child's ActorRef.

    props

    Props to create the child actor

    name

    Actor name for the child actor

    supervisorStrategy

    Strategy should decide what to do with failures in the actor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  7. def expectMsg[T](max: FiniteDuration, hint: String, obj: T): T

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it equals the given object.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it equals the given object. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received object

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  8. def expectMsg[T](max: FiniteDuration, obj: T): T

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it equals the given object.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it equals the given object. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received object

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  9. def expectMsg[T](obj: T): T

    Same as expectMsg(remainingOrDefault, obj), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsg(remainingOrDefault, obj), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  10. def expectMsgAllClassOf[T](max: FiniteDuration, obj: Class[_ <: T]*): Seq[T]

    Receive a number of messages from the test actor matching the given number of classes and assert that for each given class one is received which is of that class (equality, not conformance).

    Receive a number of messages from the test actor matching the given number of classes and assert that for each given class one is received which is of that class (equality, not conformance). This construct is useful when the order in which the objects are received is not fixed. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  11. def expectMsgAllClassOf[T](obj: Class[_ <: T]*): Seq[T]

    Same as expectMsgAllClassOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgAllClassOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  12. def expectMsgAllConformingOf[T](max: FiniteDuration, obj: Class[_ <: T]*): Seq[T]

    Receive a number of messages from the test actor matching the given number of classes and assert that for each given class one is received which conforms to that class (and vice versa).

    Receive a number of messages from the test actor matching the given number of classes and assert that for each given class one is received which conforms to that class (and vice versa). This construct is useful when the order in which the objects are received is not fixed. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    Beware that one object may satisfy all given class constraints, which may be counter-intuitive.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  13. def expectMsgAllConformingOf[T](obj: Class[_ <: T]*): Seq[T]

    Same as expectMsgAllConformingOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgAllConformingOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  14. def expectMsgAllOf[T](max: FiniteDuration, obj: T*): Seq[T]

    Receive a number of messages from the test actor matching the given number of objects and assert that for each given object one is received which equals it and vice versa.

    Receive a number of messages from the test actor matching the given number of objects and assert that for each given object one is received which equals it and vice versa. This construct is useful when the order in which the objects are received is not fixed. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

      dispatcher ! SomeWork1()
  dispatcher ! SomeWork2()
  expectMsgAllOf(1 second, Result1(), Result2())

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  15. def expectMsgAllOf[T](obj: T*): Seq[T]

    Same as expectMsgAllOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgAllOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  16. def expectMsgAnyClassOf[C](max: FiniteDuration, obj: Class[_ <: C]*): C

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it conforms to one of the given classes.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it conforms to one of the given classes. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received object

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  17. def expectMsgAnyClassOf[C](obj: Class[_ <: C]*): C

    Same as expectMsgAnyClassOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgAnyClassOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  18. def expectMsgAnyOf[T](max: FiniteDuration, obj: T*): T

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it equals one of the given objects.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it equals one of the given objects. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received object

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  19. def expectMsgAnyOf[T](obj: T*): T

    Same as expectMsgAnyOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgAnyOf(remainingOrDefault, obj...), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  20. def expectMsgClass[C](max: FiniteDuration, c: Class[C]): C

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it conforms to the given class.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it conforms to the given class. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received object

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  21. def expectMsgClass[C](c: Class[C]): C

    Same as expectMsgClass(remainingOrDefault, c), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgClass(remainingOrDefault, c), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  22. def expectMsgPF[T](max: Duration = Duration.Undefined, hint: String = "")(f: PartialFunction[Any, T]): T

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that the given partial function accepts it.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that the given partial function accepts it. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    Use this variant to implement more complicated or conditional processing.

    returns

    the received object as transformed by the partial function

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  23. def expectMsgType[T](max: FiniteDuration)(implicit t: ClassTag[T]): T

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it conforms to the given type (after erasure).

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it conforms to the given type (after erasure). Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received object

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  24. def expectMsgType[T](implicit t: ClassTag[T]): T

    Same as expectMsgType[T](remainingOrDefault), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectMsgType[T](remainingOrDefault), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  25. def expectNoMsg(max: FiniteDuration): Unit

    Assert that no message is received for the specified time.

    Assert that no message is received for the specified time.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  26. def expectNoMsg(): Unit

    Same as expectNoMsg(remainingOrDefault), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Same as expectNoMsg(remainingOrDefault), but correctly treating the timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  27. def expectTerminated(target: ActorRef, max: Duration = Duration.Undefined): Terminated

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it is the Terminated message of the given ActorRef.

    Receive one message from the test actor and assert that it is the Terminated message of the given ActorRef. Wait time is bounded by the given duration, with an AssertionFailure being thrown in case of timeout.

    returns

    the received Terminated message

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  28. def fishForMessage(max: Duration = Duration.Undefined, hint: String = "")(f: PartialFunction[Any, Boolean]): Any

    Hybrid of expectMsgPF and receiveWhile: receive messages while the partial function matches and returns false.

    Hybrid of expectMsgPF and receiveWhile: receive messages while the partial function matches and returns false. Use it to ignore certain messages while waiting for a specific message.

    returns

    the last received message, i.e. the first one for which the partial function returned true

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  29. def ignoreMsg(f: PartialFunction[Any, Boolean]): Unit

    Ignore all messages in the test actor for which the given partial function returns true.

    Ignore all messages in the test actor for which the given partial function returns true.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  30. def ignoreNoMsg(): Unit

    Stop ignoring messages in the test actor.

    Stop ignoring messages in the test actor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  31. def lastSender: ActorRef
    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  32. def msgAvailable: Boolean

    Query queue status.

    Query queue status.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  33. def now: FiniteDuration

    Obtain current time (System.nanoTime) as Duration.

    Obtain current time (System.nanoTime) as Duration.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  34. def receiveN(n: Int, max: FiniteDuration): Seq[AnyRef]

    Receive N messages in a row before the given deadline.

    Receive N messages in a row before the given deadline.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  35. def receiveN(n: Int): Seq[AnyRef]

    Same as receiveN(n, remaining) but correctly taking into account Duration.timeFactor.

    Same as receiveN(n, remaining) but correctly taking into account Duration.timeFactor.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  36. def receiveOne(max: Duration): AnyRef

    Receive one message from the internal queue of the TestActor.

    Receive one message from the internal queue of the TestActor. If the given duration is zero, the queue is polled (non-blocking).

    This method does NOT automatically scale its Duration parameter!

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  37. def receiveWhile[T](max: Duration = Duration.Undefined, idle: Duration = Duration.Inf, messages: Int = Int.MaxValue)(f: PartialFunction[AnyRef, T]): Seq[T]

    Receive a series of messages until one does not match the given partial function or the idle timeout is met (disabled by default) or the overall maximum duration is elapsed or expected messages count is reached.

    Receive a series of messages until one does not match the given partial function or the idle timeout is met (disabled by default) or the overall maximum duration is elapsed or expected messages count is reached. Returns the sequence of messages.

    Note that it is not an error to hit the max duration in this case.

    One possible use of this method is for testing whether messages of certain characteristics are generated at a certain rate:

    test ! ScheduleTicks(100 millis)
val series = receiveWhile(750 millis) {
    case Tick(count) => count
}
assert(series == (1 to 7).toList)
    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  38. def remaining: FiniteDuration

    Obtain time remaining for execution of the innermost enclosing within block or throw an AssertionError if no within block surrounds this call.

    Obtain time remaining for execution of the innermost enclosing within block or throw an AssertionError if no within block surrounds this call.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  39. def remainingOr(duration: FiniteDuration): FiniteDuration

    Obtain time remaining for execution of the innermost enclosing within block or missing that it returns the given duration.

    Obtain time remaining for execution of the innermost enclosing within block or missing that it returns the given duration.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  40. def remainingOrDefault: FiniteDuration

    Obtain time remaining for execution of the innermost enclosing within block or missing that it returns the properly dilated default for this case from settings (key "akka.test.single-expect-default").

    Obtain time remaining for execution of the innermost enclosing within block or missing that it returns the properly dilated default for this case from settings (key "akka.test.single-expect-default").

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  41. def setAutoPilot(pilot: AutoPilot): Unit

    Install an AutoPilot to drive the testActor: the AutoPilot will be run for each received message and can be used to send or forward messages, etc.

    Install an AutoPilot to drive the testActor: the AutoPilot will be run for each received message and can be used to send or forward messages, etc. Each invocation must return the AutoPilot for the next round.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  42. def shutdown(actorSystem: ActorSystem = system, duration: Duration = 5.seconds.dilated.min(10.seconds), verifySystemShutdown: Boolean = false): Unit

    Shut down an actor system and wait for termination.

    Shut down an actor system and wait for termination. On failure debug output will be logged about the remaining actors in the system.

    If verifySystemShutdown is true, then an exception will be thrown on failure.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  43. implicit val system: ActorSystem
    Definition Classes
    TestKit → TestKitBase
  44. val testActor: ActorRef

    ActorRef of the test actor.

    ActorRef of the test actor. Access is provided to enable e.g. registration as message target.

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  45. val testKitSettings: TestKitSettings
    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  46. def unwatch(ref: ActorRef): ActorRef

    Have the testActor stop watching someone (i.e.

    Have the testActor stop watching someone (i.e. context.unwatch(...)).

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  47. def watch(ref: ActorRef): ActorRef

    Have the testActor watch someone (i.e.

    Have the testActor watch someone (i.e. context.watch(...)).

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  48. def within[T](max: FiniteDuration)(f: ⇒ T): T

    Same as calling within(0 seconds, max)(f).

    Same as calling within(0 seconds, max)(f).

    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase
  49. def within[T](min: FiniteDuration, max: FiniteDuration)(f: ⇒ T): T

    Execute code block while bounding its execution time between min and max.

    Execute code block while bounding its execution time between min and max. within blocks may be nested. All methods in this trait which take maximum wait times are available in a version which implicitly uses the remaining time governed by the innermost enclosing within block.

    Note that the timeout is scaled using Duration.dilated, which uses the configuration entry "akka.test.timefactor", while the min Duration is not.

    val ret = within(50 millis) {
  test ! "ping"
  expectMsgClass(classOf[String])
}
    Definition Classes
    TestKitBase